Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), more commonly known as lupus, is a chronic autoimmune disease. The Lupus Foundation of America estimates that 1.5 million Americans live with lupus, and 16,000 new cases are diagnosed yearly. While there is no cure for lupus, it can be treated and managed with medication and lifestyle changes. However, it is vital to catch it early. Here are six warning signs that you may have lupus:
1. Pain or swelling of joints
First, joint pain or swelling is one of the most common early warning signs of lupus. This painful symptom is caused by inflammation in the joints, which is a hallmark of lupus. It commonly affects lupus patients bilaterally, meaning it often affects the same joints on both sides of the body. For example, if you have pain and swelling in your left knee, you will likely have the same symptoms in your right knee.
2. Headaches
Another common symptom of lupus is headaches. These can range from mild to severe and are often accompanied by other lupus symptoms such as fatigue, fever, and general malaise. Headaches caused by lupus are usually a result of inflammation in the brain or blood vessels. These headaches are painful and, in some cases, can impair cognitive function.
3. Low fever
Low fever in lupus patients is caused by inflammation as well as immunosuppression, which is a common side effect of lupus and can increase susceptibility to infections. The low-grade fever associated with lupus is usually below 101 degrees Fahrenheit, and patients may also experience chills and sweats. In some cases, the fever may be higher, leading to more severe symptoms, such as chest pain, difficulty breathing, and abdominal pain.
4. Chest pain when deep breathing
This is another lupus symptom caused by inflammation, this time in the lungs. The inflammation causes fluid to build up in the lungs, leading to chest pain, shortness of breath, and coughing. This symptom is more common in patients with active lupus and can signify that the disease is flaring. This symptom can be managed with medication and lifestyle changes.
5. Extreme fatigue
Fatigue is also common among lupus patients and is linked to causative factors like anemia, immunosuppression, and inflammation. This is one of the most debilitating symptoms of lupus, as it can make everyday activities, such as work and taking care of family, very difficult. Fatigue can also lead to depression, another common symptom of lupus. Therefore, it is essential to see your doctor if you are experiencing extreme fatigue so that they can properly diagnose and treat the underlying causes.
6. Swelling around the eyes
Swollen eyes are another symptom caused by inflammation, specifically around the eyes; studies show that it results from inflammation in the blood vessels around the eyes. This can lead to pain, redness, and itchiness in the affected area. In severe cases, the swelling can lead to vision problems. This symptom is more common in patients who have active lupus.